The other night, Zach and I started debating on the gay marriage "issue."
Well, I suppose one could hardly call it a "debate," since we were in agreement on the issue; I suppose we simply "debated" the outcome of the "gay marriage debate" in Massachusetts and D.C.
(Yeah, brace yourselves. It's a long one.)
To me, the issue of gay marriage is not of a religious or moral nature. If you know anything about me, then you know I find nothing morally offensive to gay marriage. I see the issue of gay marriage as an issue of equality under the law. The issue by which the government looks at two men (or women) who say, "We love each other..." and decrees that the homosexual relationship is equal to the heterosexual relationship - and thus bestows all the legal rights of marriage upon said relationship. That the government says, "This is just as good. This is just as stable. It is no better; it is no less."
But look at what goes on now... the Federal Marriage Amendment is gaining ground in Congress; President G.W. Bush is considering a "constitutional process" to defend "the sanctity of marriage." What is the federal government saying? Perhaps this: "The union between one man and one man, or one woman and one woman, holds significantly less value than the union between one man and one woman." They say that the love between husband and wife is better than, and preferrable to, the love between two homosexuals. The former deserves all legal rights and privileges; the latter does not qualify for anything more than "friendship" as far as the law is concerned.
Gay "marriage," in the legal sense, would finally acknowledge that the love two men or two women can feel for one another is just as fulfilling, appropriate, and (dare I say) right as the love a man and a woman can feel for one another. About a week ago, Zach and I were listening to NPR, and a story popped up about the costs gay couples must currently endure to work out the legalities of applying such benefits (that are automatically conferred upon heterosexual couples) to their individual relationships. Lawyer fees, government penalties, parental rights, taxes, and time can lead to a losses of $11,000 to $15,000. And even then, after all that, there are some benefits that cannot be transferred by other legal means between same-sex partners. $11,000?! I don't know about you, but I don't have that kind of money. And what really adds insult to injury is the idea that a man and a woman can, in theory, meet on the street, walk to the courthouse, and pay whatever small state fees are required for a marriage license, and suddenly (and painlessly) get even more rights and privileges than I would have to pay $11,000 to $15,000 for. Does this strike anyone else as fair? Does this strike anyone else as equal?
Some opponents of gay marriage point to the fact that, when polled, some homosexuals aren't even active supporters of gay marriage. "See? Why give them the benefit when some of them don't even want it." So? The number of couples who want to marry is not the issue. The issue is fair and equal treatment for those couples (no matter how few or how many) who do desire to participate and gain those benefits. It is not a minority/majority issue; it is an equality issue - pure and simple.
What of civil unions? When Zach and I were "debating," I was horrified to find myself, for the first time, in support of civil unions. I used to scoff and say, "Huh... Civil Unions?... Just call it what it is... marriage." I used to think of civil unions like so: Let's say we're going to manufacture a dog for a heterosexual couple. We'll take the canine DNA sequence (Canis familiaris, you know), slap on some cell membranes and organelles. Add vital organs - heart, stomach, the oh-so-big-and-powerful mammalian brain, bones, blood, skin. The breath of life. Hair, eyes, spleen, claws, healthy-teeth-and-gums, etc. "There you have it," says the scientist. "I have built this animal for you - and we will call it a dog, for that is what it obviously is." Next, the scientist turns to a gay couple and says, "Now let's see about building one for you." Same-old-same-old, right? Canine DNA, cells, tissues, muscle, bone, blood, nerves (don't forget the big brain), and all the other stuff. An identical creation to the creature manufactured for the heterosexual couple, right? The scientists displays the finished product and says, "This is yours by law." The gay couple says, "Thank you for building us this dog." The scientist: "Oh, no! You cannot call it what it obviously is; that is just not moral. The heterosexual couple has that right; instead, you must call yours a camel. It may look like a dog, act like a dog, but it must be a camel."
I used to think of civil unions as that. Hell, I still do. A camel that's really a dog. Marriage in all but name. A regent? Perhaps. But I used to think, "If it looks like marriage, smells like marriage, and confers the same benefits as marriage, then just call it what it is... marriage." But it seems the rest of the country cannot handle that. "James, it's obviously a camel!" And I fear that, if I press to change it's name from camel to dog, then I'll lose the animal altogether. The scientist will turn to the gay couple and say, "I was going to build you a lovely 'camel,' but I won't now since you insisted and insisted that I call it a dog! For shame. Only the hetero couple can have such a right." I suppose I've become so afraid of losing "marriage" (even the camel), that I'd rather have civil unions over nothing at all.
And why do I harbor such fears? Look around you! Thirty-eight states now have laws or constitutional amendments in place barring gay marriage. Thirty-eight! Indiana is considering becoming the thirty-ninth! The Federal Marriage Amendment is gaining momentum in the House of Representatives; the President is on the verge of supporting it. It will eventually get through the Senate - though there are some moderate Republicans who may oppose it (a practically-independent senator from Maine here, a socially-liberal senator from Pennsylvania there), the Republican base will crack the party whip pretty fiercely and say, "This is it. This is the defining moment for the Party. Now fall in line and vote with the President." AND I guarantee that enough swing Democrat votes will capitulate and join the Republican base. And there you have it - two-thirds majorities in both houses of Congress. And what of the states? Three-quarters of the state legislatures must approve the Federal Marriage Amendment. Recall the above - thirty-eight states already have passed laws or amendments that basically concur with the FMA. I'm sure many of those will quickly rally behind the FMA; and enough swing states (just like enough swing senators) can fall in rank and approve the amendment.
And then... there you have it. Social legislation written into the Constitution. A Dark Page. You'd think we would've learned our lesson with the Prohibition Amendment? You think it was embarrassing enough to have that Dark Page on our books, and have to go through the lengthy process of repealing that amendment? Well, we did. But I don't think this nation learned its lesson... or that lesson was hastily forgotten and burried. Alcohol, after all, is one thing. Gay marriage is another. If the idea (that the love two men or two women can feel for one another is fundamentally flawed, and less than the love a heterosexual couple can feel) is written into the Constitution, it will be repealed... eventually (we will come around... eventually). But it won't be repealed in my lifetime. It will take several generations, I fear, before such an error is recongized, and the political process is allowed to take hold.
Am I a pessimist? I prefer the term "realist." And I'd love to be wrong. But I've been studying this issue a lot lately - the politics, the voting, the public opinion... everything.
Call it marriage, and they say no. Call it a dog, and they say no.
Call it civil unions, and some more say yes. Call it a camel, and some say yes.
I'm so afraid of losing it all, that I fear I'll settle for the camel.
But then again, the legacy of Jim Crow teaches us that, after all, separate is always unequal.
Word, indeed. :-) I read his comments meticulously but was partially thrown off by some Legalese.
In reality, is there a lot that we can do about the FMA? The President is backing it. It's up to Congress. As it has been pointed out, there are already 38 states creating their own similiar bills/laws, the same number needed to ratify the amendment. And just like that, it won't take an act of Congress to pass, but it certainly will to repeal it.
Posted by: sam at February 6, 2004 05:39 PMMy boyfriend (Zach) obviously has a law degree.
Word!
The US has always moved slower than the rest of the world. Surely we should expect more. But from a strategic standpoint, while queers talk about issues like marriage, there are issues as basic as securing *basic* civil rights. the state of WA and I am sure the state of TX do not include sexual orientation in their anti-discrimination laws. Some states don't include sexual orientation in their hate crimes legislations. Washington has been trying to get a civil rights bill passed that protects gay and lesbians since 1977 and each year the glbt lobby has failed. When I consider the long way we have to go in other areas, it gives me pause and makes me wonder whether our energy is best put elsewhere. In the end you are right, its going to take the Supreme Court ruling that in fact a civil union from VT or a marriage in MA is valid in another state like TX, IA, IL, wherever to ensure that marriage between two men is legitimate. Really, the shape of same sex marriage/civil unions is following the same trajectory as abortion did. If we can prevent an amendment to the US Constitution, I think we will see recognized unions/marriage in our lifetime. Maybe I am too optimistic.
Posted by: zach at February 6, 2004 04:10 PMI agree that we should focus on the small steps rather than trying to make gargantuan leaps. But on the other hand, I don't believe that there's any compromise with civil rights, especially in our era. I don't accept that we should pay yet another price simply because some of our society is bigoted and cannot learn from the past.
I will consider civil unions to be one of those "small steps" whenever all 50 states at least recognize the unions granted by other states (really - nothing short of a federal or Constitutional mandate is going to make a state like Texas grant civil unions). But until all 50 at least recognize them, then they are only a step in the wrong direction.
Are we really going to let the Right Wing dogs herd us to other regions of the nation to take advantage of rights that, by birth, we're owed?
That is not a compromise I'm willing to accept.
Perhaps I'm looking at it the wrong way, but nothing else makes any sense to me.
Posted by: sam at February 6, 2004 03:52 PMYes, Civil Unions are a compromise. With every great movement we must always keep our eyes on the prize and win the victories we can win. The 14th Amendment, on its own accord din't eliminate discrimination in this country. Brown v. Board didn't suddenly mean there was instant integration. Everything took time. In the long line of movements, ours (the queer movement) really only began in earnest in the late 70's with the adoption of municipal civil rights codes. We need to be vigilant in our chipping away at laws that discriminate against queer people.
Posted by: zach at February 6, 2004 02:28 PMThe legal fight over marriage/civil unions is far from over. If states pass their own DOMA's and pass laws that choose not to recognize marriages between gays and lesbians it will just throw the entire debate back into the courts only on different points.
A CO case a few years ago Romer v. Evans tried to make it illegal for municipalities to pass laws that would protect queer folks. The USSCt ruled (and smartly) that the legislature can't make its own constitution unconstitutional. Of course, they could amend their constitution. BUT if that is done two clauses seem to pop up...FULL FAITH AND CREDIT and the CONTRACT clause. In this case, the Supreme Court would have to decide if by defining marriage as that between a man and a woman and choosing not to recognize queer marriages the state is in effect contracting the the rights and benefits conferred by the FFC clause. States are free to expand protections under their state constitutions but they cannot dip below the baseline protections granted by the Federal Constitution. So...what would happen? Its hard to tell.
I think there is more fertile legal ground to be had in the Contract Clause of the constitution. I haven't thought it all through yet, but when I do I will post on it. Since "marriage" is fundamentally a contract between two people, anything that would limit the ability to engage in the marriage contract would seem suspect. The contract line would also work potentially for the full faith and credit argument too. Though, my line of thought is muddled right now.
Of course, this speculation is all moot if the US passes an amendment defining marriage as between a "man and a woman."
Posted by: zach at February 6, 2004 02:23 PMExcellent points, Sam. I obviously teeter-totter when it comes to this issue - changing my mind daily. A compromise is offered; but, as the Goodrich decision says, separate-but-equal in ANY legal sense never really turns out to be equal. We have decades of Jim Crow laws across the Bible belt to teach us that.
So perhaps civil unions are a new generation of Jim Crow - aimed at sexual orientation and identity rather than ethnicity. If so, then perhaps we shouldn't settle for them. Go for it all. I suppose my recent desire for civil unions (rather than nothing at all) is more of a personal desire to have an option, some option, other than spending $15,000 someday on legal fees and penalties just to secure parental rights, visitation rights, inheritance and property ownership rights that are automatically given to heterosexual couples. But then again, that's all assuming I even find someone to marry, etc.
But, outside of my own selfish desires, civil unions are a horrific idea for the gay community as a whole. Separate, and unequal.
And for those of you who haven't yet taken a gander at Sam's site, the man has a clarity on the issue of gay marriage that I have yet to grasp. Take a look (http://www.madlife.net); he has terrific points to make.
Posted by: James at February 6, 2004 01:35 PMAs I said just earlier today:
Really, what good are civil unions anyway if a state doesn't have to recognize them? They're like generic coupons... only good at participating locations, and many restrictions apply!
They are patronization at best.
We should not settle out of fear to appease the "moral majority."
Allowing civil unions to gays is not only unconstitutional because it's unequal, but because it wouldn't be offered to heterosexuals as well. While they don't want to allow us the right to marry, they don't want to allow themselves not to. That is why California offers 'domestic partnerships' instead of civil unions. Very backward.
In the end, the whole idea and process of "civil unions" is nothing more than legislation to tie up the issue.
Posted by: sam at February 6, 2004 01:19 PM